Lymphedema
Lymphedema is a high protein fluid that results in a swelling of soft tissues. This fluid accumulates in the extracellular spaces of the soft tissues due to the decompression of the lymphatic drainage system.

Cancer patients are at increased risk for the development of lymphedema both because of their disease and because of the treatments administered. Patients who have surgery that results in the removal of lymph nodes are at the highest risk of developing lymphedema. Radiation therapy has also been associated with an increased risk for the development of lymphedema. Other forms of trauma and repetitive activity can also increase the likelihood of developing lymphedema.

Lymphedema can occur in any part of the body although the limbs are the most commonly affected. The severity of lymphedema can be classified into stages. Early stage lymphedema is characterized by "pitting" of the tissues. Pressing the fingers into the tissue of the involved area leaves an indentation, which persist for a short period of time. The moderate stage is associated with "non-pitting" of the tissues. That is, when fingers are pressed into the skin, the tissue bounces quickly back without leaving any trace of indentation. The advanced stage is defined by marked swelling of the limbs and may be associated with decreased mobility and function of the limb. In its early stage, lymphedema may be reversible whereas it may become irreversible with advanced stage.

Warning signs to be alert for include a sense of fullness and tightness of the skin, decreased flexibility, and increasing tightness of jewelry (rings, bracelets and watches). Clothing may become tighter fitting in one particular area. Intermittent or persistent swelling of the tissues is another symptom.

Precautions that should be taken by patients who have problems with lymphedema include the wearing of a compression garment when traveling by commercial airplane (changes in cabin pressure can exacerbate lymphedema). Redness, warmth, pain, fever, or other signs of infection of the involved skin should be reported immediately to your physician. Blood draws and blood pressure measurements should be avoided in the involved limb.

Additional information can be obtained through the National Lymphedema Network located at 2211 Post street, Suite 404, San Francisco, CA 94115-3427. Toll free information line 1-800-541-3259. E-mail nin@lymhnet.org Or visit their web site at www.lymphnet.org.